{"id":8037,"date":"2011-11-23T10:56:05","date_gmt":"2011-11-23T07:56:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/?p=8037"},"modified":"2011-11-23T10:56:14","modified_gmt":"2011-11-23T07:56:14","slug":"avrupa-3-kurgu-ve-politikalar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/i\/avrupa-3-kurgu-ve-politikalar\/","title":{"rendered":"Avrupa 3- Kurgu ve Politikalar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Biz Avrupa serisini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken bu kez ABD&#8217;den bir uyumsuzluk sinyali geldi. Kamu finansman\u0131 konusunda uzla\u015fmak \u00fczere olu\u015fturulan\u00a0 komisyonda p\u00fcr\u00fcz \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Sanki iki dev k\u0131ta\u00a0 d\u00fcnya krizinin a\u015f\u0131lmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015f\u0131yor gibi. Bir k\u0131ta biraz sakinle\u015fir gibi olursa, \u00f6teki k\u0131tada sorun \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p><div class=\"bilge-yaziust\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" id=\"bilge-2854861643\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-7495567325667578\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"9580705384\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"rectangle\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div>\n<p>Bildi\u011finiz gibi bu iki k\u0131tadan daha ya\u015fl\u0131 olan Avrupa&#8217;da sorunun daha b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutlu ve daha\u00a0 derin oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Avrupa ekonomisinin tarihsel geli\u015fme s\u00fcreci i\u00e7inde olu\u015fan kat\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 var. \u0130lk yaz\u0131da bunlara de\u011findim. Bu kat\u0131l\u0131klar a\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in pek \u00e7ok Avrupa \u00fclkesi k\u00fcreselle\u015fmeyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yeni d\u00fcnya d\u00fczenine ve artan rekabet bask\u0131s\u0131na ayak uyduramad\u0131. Bir araya gelip, birlik olarak\u00a0 yola devam etmek gibi bir \u00e7are bulundu. \u00c7are do\u011fruydu ama birli\u011fin kurgusu yanl\u0131\u015f oldu. Birlik i\u00e7inde erimek yerine tekil \u00fclke kimlik ve varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrecek bir kurgu\u00a0 se\u00e7ildi.<\/p>\n<p>Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u00a0 birlik i\u00e7inde verimlilik d\u00fczeylerini artt\u0131r\u0131p, rekabet\u00e7i g\u00fc\u00e7 kazand\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak yerine, zafiyeti olan\u0131 korumak \u015feklinde bir kurguyla kuruldu. \u00d6zellikle k\u00fcresel dinamiklerin h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir d\u00fcnyada bu kurgunun\u00a0 sorunlar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131nda yetersiz kalmas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131. B\u00f6yle de oldu.\u00a0 S\u00f6zkonusu kurgu AB&#8217;nin k\u00fcresel etkinli\u011fini artt\u0131rmad\u0131 ama Birlik i\u00e7inde var olan ikili yap\u0131n\u0131n bug\u00fcne kadar s\u00fcrmesine imkan verdi.<\/p>\n<p>Bug\u00fcn gelinen noktada Avrupa Birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde &#8220;b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fclkeler-k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fclkeler&#8221;,\u00a0 &#8220;kuzey \u00fclkeleri-g\u00fcney \u00fclkeleri&#8221;, &#8220;h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcyen \u00fclkeler-yava\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcyen \u00fclkeler&#8221;, &#8220;a\u00e7\u0131k veren \u00fclkeler-fazla veren \u00fclkeler&#8221; ve &#8220;Euro b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7inde olan -Euro b\u00f6lgesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olan \u00fclkeler&#8221; olarak s\u0131n\u0131flanabilecek birden fazla ikili ayr\u0131m oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zleniyor.<\/p>\n<p>*\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/p>\n<p>Avrupa Birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde ya\u015fat\u0131lan ikili yap\u0131lanmalar\u0131n\u00a0 birbiriyle yak\u0131ndan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 iki zafiyet yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir. Bunlardan birisi siyasi irade yetersizli\u011fidir. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde bundan \u00fcreyen iktisat politikas\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 da ikinci zafiyet noktas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Avrupa Birli\u011findeki siyasi irade noksan\u0131n\u0131n etkisi ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 zaman i\u00e7inde daha belirgin hale gelmi\u015ftir. Avrupa tarihindeki siyasi \u00e7eki\u015fmelere ve bunlar\u0131n vahim sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na bak\u0131nca ba\u015flang\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131nda b\u00f6yle tek ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir siyasi irade kurulamam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131labilir bir durum olabilir. Ancak bu zafiyetin s\u00fcr\u00fcp gitmesine imkan verilmesi sonu\u00e7ta Birli\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00fcretme kapasitesini nerdeyse s\u0131f\u0131ra kadar indirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Avrupa Birli\u011finin ikili yap\u0131lanma ve siyasi irade noksan\u0131 gibi \u00f6zellikleri sonu\u00e7ta iktisat politikalar\u0131 tasar\u0131m\u0131 ve uygulamas\u0131nda da ciddi\u00a0 zafiyet yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Birlik i\u00e7inde verimi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fc sorunlu, g\u00f6rece geri kalm\u0131\u015f ekonomilerin yan\u0131s\u0131ra verim d\u00fczeyi ve\u00a0 rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fc y\u00fcksek zengin \u00fclkelerin var olmas\u0131 yap\u0131ya\u00a0 d\u00f6n\u00fck iktisat politikalar\u0131 ve k\u0131sa vadeli ekonomi y\u00f6netiminin hangi gruba g\u00f6re tasarlan\u0131p, y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclece\u011fi sorusun\u0131u hep g\u00fcndemde tutmu\u015f, Birlik i\u00e7inde gerilimler yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><div class=\"bilge-content-1\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" id=\"bilge-1894097151\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-7495567325667578\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3167340272\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"rectangle\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div>\n<p>*\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/p>\n<p>En az\u0131ndan ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 d\u00f6neminde iktisat politikalar\u0131 tasar\u0131m\u0131 ve uygulamas\u0131nda Birli\u011fin temel kurgusuna uygun davran\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir. Kurgudaki &#8220;birlik i\u00e7inde koruyup, kollama&#8221; tercihi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde politikalara da yans\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tar\u0131m politikalar\u0131, b\u00f6lgesel kalk\u0131nma politikalar\u0131, mali yard\u0131m yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 vb gibi uygulamalar bu tercihin \u00f6nemli \u00f6rnekleridir. Bu t\u00fcr politika tasar\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n ciddi kaynak israf\u0131 yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Birli\u011fin yap\u0131sal zafiiyetinin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesine \u00f6nemli katk\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Avrupa Birli\u011finde siyasi irade- iktisat politikalar\u0131 zafiyetinin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar\u0131n en g\u00fcncel \u00f6rne\u011fi ise maliye ve para politikas\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki kopukluktur. Para otoritesini tekle\u015ftirip, tek para uygulamas\u0131na ge\u00e7meyi beceren Avrupa Birli\u011finde maliye politikalar\u0131n\u0131n hala ulusal ko\u015fullara g\u00f6re tasarlan\u0131p uygulan\u0131yor olmas\u0131n\u0131n Birlik i\u00e7inde kamu a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 ve h\u0131zl\u0131 bor\u00e7 dinami\u011fi gibi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc siyasi irade gerektiren sorunlar yaratmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta da s\u00f6yledi\u011fim gibi bunlar bug\u00fcn g\u00fccel ilgi oda\u011f\u0131 olan sorunlard\u0131r. Ancak, bu sorunlar\u0131n temelinde Avrupa\u00a0 Birli\u011finin yap\u0131sandan, kurgusundan,\u00a0 politika tercihlerinden kaynaklanan zafiyetleri yatmaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcncel sorunlar \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcr gibi olsa da temel zafiyetleri giderilmedik\u00e7e Avrupa Birli\u011finde sorunlar\u0131n sonunu almak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p><div class=\"bilge-content-2\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" id=\"bilge-1325489231\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-7495567325667578\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"1818807385\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"rectangle\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div>\n<p>Avrupa sorunlar\u0131 \u00fczerine kendim i\u00e7in yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m metinleri sizinle payla\u015ft\u0131m. Umar\u0131m akl\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 iyice kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131\u015f\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Biz Avrupa serisini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken bu kez ABD&#8217;den bir uyumsuzluk sinyali geldi. Kamu finansman\u0131 konusunda uzla\u015fmak \u00fczere olu\u015fturulan\u00a0 komisyonda p\u00fcr\u00fcz \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Sanki iki dev k\u0131ta\u00a0 d\u00fcnya&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":901,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8037","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tumyazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8037","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8037"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8037\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8037"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8037"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8037"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}