{"id":6274,"date":"2011-10-11T09:05:30","date_gmt":"2011-10-11T06:05:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/?p=6274"},"modified":"2011-10-11T09:15:38","modified_gmt":"2011-10-11T06:15:38","slug":"serbest-bolgeler-yeniden-gundeme-gelirken","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/i\/serbest-bolgeler-yeniden-gundeme-gelirken\/","title":{"rendered":"Serbest B\u00f6lgeler Yeniden G\u00fcndeme Gelirken"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Serbest B\u00f6lgelerde baz\u0131 sorunlar\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131 ile 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan yasa i\u015fleyi\u015fte aksamalara neden oldu.\u00a0 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda 24 milyar dolar ihracat ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen 19 Serbest B\u00f6lgenin daha verimli ve daha \u00e7ok yat\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7ekici olabilmesi i\u00e7in sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n halledilmesi gerekiyor. Ekonomi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni yasa bu a\u00e7\u0131dan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7in serbest b\u00f6lge y\u00f6netimlerinin genel ve \u00f6zel sorunlar\u0131na kulak verilmesi de \u00f6nemli olacakt\u0131r.<\/p><div class=\"bilge-yaziust\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" id=\"bilge-2740689478\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-7495567325667578\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"9580705384\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"rectangle\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye Serbest B\u00f6lge uygulamas\u0131na h\u0131zl\u0131 girdi \u00e7abuk yoruldu. Ben daha ilk kurulu\u015f d\u00f6neminde ilgilenmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. K\u00fcr\u015fat T\u00fczmen&#8217;in Serbest B\u00f6lgeler Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00f6neminde h\u0131zl\u0131 ve \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeler oldu. Bir\u00e7ok yabanc\u0131 \u015firket bu b\u00f6lgelerde yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131p \u00fcretime ge\u00e7ti. . T\u00fcrk firmalar\u0131 da ihracata d\u00f6n\u00fck \u00fcretim i\u00e7in b\u00f6lgede yer almaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Siyasilerin bast\u0131rmalar\u0131yla da birbiri ard\u0131ndan serbest b\u00f6lgeler kuruldu. Ancak, zaman i\u00e7inde baz\u0131 Serbest b\u00f6lgelerde olumsuzluklar ya\u015fand\u0131. \u0130\u015flenip yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 gereken \u00fcretimlerin yurt i\u00e7inde sat\u0131\u015fa sunuldu\u011fu iddialar\u0131 ortaya at\u0131ld\u0131. Ve bunun sonucunda 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda Serbest B\u00f6lgelerin bir\u00e7ok imtiyaz\u0131na son veren yeni bir yasa y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe kondu. \u015eimdi \u00f6\u011freniyoruz ki Ekonomi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni bir yasal d\u00fczenleme ile Serbest B\u00f6lgelerin daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 i\u015flerlik kazanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131k yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Bug\u00fcn \u00fclkemizde 19 Serbest B\u00f6lgede 2 bini yerli 476&#8217;s\u0131 yabanc\u0131 2.476 firma \u00fcretim yap\u0131yor. 1.3 milyar dolar\u0131 yabanc\u0131 olmak \u00fczere 2.7 milyarl\u0131k yat\u0131r\u0131m tutar\u0131 olan serbest b\u00f6lgelerde y\u00fczde 53&#8217;\u00fc yabanc\u0131 firmalarda olmak \u00fczere 51 bin 174 ki\u015fi istihdam ediliyor. 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda 24 milyar dolarl\u0131k ihracat sa\u011flanan Serbest B\u00f6lgelerde bu 2009 kriz d\u00f6neminde gerilemi\u015f durumda. 2011 y\u0131l\u0131 ihracat\u0131n\u0131n 2008 ise 2011 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 yakalamas\u0131 bekleniyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ama, Serbest B\u00f6lge y\u00f6neticileri yeni d\u00fczenlemelerle hem yerli yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n, hem istihdam\u0131n, hem de ihracat\u0131n h\u0131zla artabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini ortaya koyuyorlar. Trakya&#8217;da\u00a0 \u015eahinler Holding&#8217;in kurucusu oldu\u011fu Avrupa Serbest B\u00f6lgesinde yer alanlar da y\u00f6neticilerde ayn\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce i\u00e7ersindeler. Bu y\u0131l 10 yerli yabanc\u0131 firman\u0131n 100 milyon dolarl\u0131k yat\u0131r\u0131m yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu y\u0131l\u0131n sekiz ay\u0131nda, ge\u00e7en y\u0131l\u0131n ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemine g\u00f6re ticaret hacimlerinin y\u00fczde 78 art\u0131\u015fla 1 milyar 400 milyon dolara y\u00fckseldi\u011fini 2012&#8217;de yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 1 milyar dolara, ticaret hacimlerinin 3 milyar dolara \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 beklediklerini , 2023 hedeflerinin\u00a0 yat\u0131r\u0131mda 2 milyar\u00a0 dolara ticaret hacminde 10 milyar dolar oldu\u011funu belirtiyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>Sorunlar\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ederken stopaj muafiyetinin y\u00fczde 78 ihracata ba\u011fl\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcksek buluyorlar. Eskiyen makine techizat\u0131n b\u00f6lge d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131nda kolayl\u0131k talep ediyorlar. Ge\u00e7ici i\u015f\u00e7ilik, esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma imkan\u0131 istiyorlar ve TEM&#8217;e ba\u011flant\u0131 ile ula\u015f\u0131m kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 talep ediyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>Hemen her serbest b\u00f6lgede bu t\u00fcr talepler s\u00f6z konusu. Bu nedenle Ekonomi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n toplam ihracat\u0131n y\u00fczde 20&#8217;sinin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Serbest B\u00f6lgelerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltici d\u00fczenlemeyi onlarla birlikte k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede hayata ge\u00e7irmesi faydal\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>NOT:<\/strong>\u00a0Yukar\u0131daki kup\u00fcr Ali \u0130hsan Karacan&#8217;\u0131n gazeteniz D\u00dcNYA&#8217; da 1 A\u011fustos 1994 tarihinde yay\u0131nlanan yaz\u0131s\u0131na ait. Say\u0131n Karacan, y\u0131llar boyu yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda hangi iktisat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu kimlerin hangi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla Nobel\u00a0 alabileceklerinin\u00a0 bilgisini bizlere verdi. S\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7en yaz\u0131s\u0131nda da Thomas J. Sargent&#8217;i \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla bize tan\u0131t\u0131yor. Onun rahmetli iktisat\u00e7\u0131m\u0131z Neft\u00e7i ile 1978 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortakla\u015fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n Journal of Monetary Economincs&#8217;te yay\u0131nland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. Onun Yeni Klasik okul i\u00e7inde yer alan bir iktisat\u00e7\u0131 oldu\u011funun bilgisini verip, onlar\u0131n H\u00fck\u00fcmet m\u00fcdahalelerinin etkisiz ve faydas\u0131z oldu\u011funu savunduklar\u0131 bilgisini veriyor. H\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin bir konuyu alg\u0131lay\u0131p harekete ge\u00e7ene kadar ko\u015fullar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f olabilece\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7iziyor. Karacan daha o g\u00fcnden Sargent&#8217;i bize tan\u0131t\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Serbest B\u00f6lgelerde baz\u0131 sorunlar\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131 ile 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan yasa i\u015fleyi\u015fte aksamalara neden oldu.\u00a0 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda 24 milyar dolar ihracat ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen 19 Serbest B\u00f6lgenin daha&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":903,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6274","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tumyazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6274","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6274"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6274\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/903"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6274"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6274"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6274"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}