{"id":45511,"date":"2016-05-18T21:54:02","date_gmt":"2016-05-18T18:54:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/?p=45511"},"modified":"2016-05-18T21:54:02","modified_gmt":"2016-05-18T18:54:02","slug":"hatirliyor-musunuz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/i\/hatirliyor-musunuz\/","title":{"rendered":"Hat\u0131rl\u0131yor musunuz?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><strong>Bundan tam 97 y\u0131l \u00f6nce; bir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesinin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, neler ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ne m\u00fccadeleler verildi\u011fini hat\u0131rl\u0131yor musunuz? Sloganlar e\u015fli\u011finde de\u011fil, fiiliyatta bir \u0130stikl\u00e2l Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktay\u0131 hat\u0131rl\u0131yor musunuz? Biraz daha geri gidelim; kaynaklara ba\u015fvural\u0131m. Hat\u0131rl\u0131yor musunuz?<\/strong><\/em><\/p><div class=\"bilge-yaziust\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" id=\"bilge-1295314897\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-7495567325667578\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"9580705384\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"rectangle\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Balta Liman\u0131 Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u00a0(16 A\u011fustos 1838)<\/p>\n<p>Viyana ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucu\u00a0BOR\u00c7 ALMA\u00a0d\u00f6nemi ba\u015flad\u0131 ve BALTA L\u0130MANI ANTLA\u015eMASI imzaland\u0131\u00a0 ve\u00a0 \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelere imtiyazlar sa\u011fland\u0131. \u0130\u015fte dikkat \u00e7eken maddeleri:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Tekel sistemi kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Britanyal\u0131lara diledikleri miktarda hammaddeyi sat\u0131n alma imk\u00e2n\u0131 verildi.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130\u00e7 ticarete Osmanl\u0131 vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Britanyal\u0131lar\u2019\u0131n da kat\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/li>\n<li>Britanya vatanda\u015flar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini Osmanl\u0131 teb\u00e2s\u0131ndan t\u00e2cirlerle ayn\u0131 vergi ko\u015fullar\u0131 alt\u0131nda sat\u0131n alma hakk\u0131na sahip oldular.<\/li>\n<li>Britanyal\u0131larla olan transit ticaretten al\u0131nan vergi resmi kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya gemileriyle gelen Britanya mallar\u0131 i\u00e7in bir defa g\u00fcmr\u00fck \u00f6dendikten sonra, mallar al\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan nereye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrse g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcls\u00fcn bir daha g\u00fcmr\u00fck \u00f6denmeyecekti.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Hat\u0131rl\u0131yor musunuz?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131 nas\u0131l kuruldu?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Bank-\u0131 Osman\u00ee-i \u015eahane&#8217;nin kurulu\u015fu, 4 \u015eubat 1863 g\u00fcn\u00fc imzalanan bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n<p>1856&#8217;da \u0130ngiliz sermayesiyle kurulan Ottoman Bank&#8217;in \u0130ngiliz ortaklar\u0131, \u015firkete yeni kat\u0131lan Frans\u0131z ortaklar ve Osmanl\u0131 makamlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan imzalanan s\u00f6zle\u015fme, K\u0131r\u0131m Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;ndan beri s\u00fcregelen mali krize son vermeye kararl\u0131 Sultan Abd\u00fclaziz taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde onayland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00f6ylece Ottoman Bank&#8217;in miras\u0131n\u0131 devralan Bank-\u0131 Osman\u00ee-i \u015eahane, 1 Haziran 1863 tarihinden itibaren yeni kimli\u011fiyle hizmet vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p><div class=\"bilge-content-1\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" id=\"bilge-1289245752\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-7495567325667578\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3167340272\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"rectangle\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div>\n<p>Banka, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu&#8217;na bor\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 yaratacak, bor\u00e7lanmalarda arac\u0131 rol\u00fc \u00fcstlenecek ve devlet bankalar\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli imtiyazlar\u0131ndan biri olan para basma hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>17 \u015eubat 1875&#8217;te imzalanan yeni bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme ile Banka, imparatorlu\u011fun hazinedar\u0131 konumuna getirildi. B\u00f6ylece, artan mali deste\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, b\u00fct\u00e7enin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda ve uygulamas\u0131nda s\u00f6z sahibi olarak, hazine i\u015flemlerinde de tekel durumuna geldi.<\/p>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu&#8217;nun mali krize girmesi sonucunda, Banka, bu duruma \u00e7are olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen D\u00fcyun-\u0131 Umumiye \u0130daresi&#8217;nin 1881&#8217;deki kurulu\u015funda aktif rol ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Hat\u0131rl\u0131yor musunuz?<\/p><div class=\"bilge-content-2\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" id=\"bilge-1601036482\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-7495567325667578\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"1818807385\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"rectangle\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>MONDROS M\u00dcTAREKES\u0130 (30 Ekim 1918)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u00a0sonunda Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u00a0ile \u0130tilaf Devletleri\u00a0aras\u0131nda imzalanan\u00a0m\u00fctarekename<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ad\u0131na Bahriye Naz\u0131r\u0131 Rauf Bey\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan, Limni\u00a0Adas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Mondros Liman\u0131&#8217;nda demirli Agamemnon\u00a0z\u0131rhl\u0131s\u0131nda 30 Ekim 1918 ak\u015fam\u0131 imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Bu antla\u015fma ile beraber Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu fiilen sona ermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Anla\u015fman\u0131n 24. maddesi \u201cAlt\u0131 vilayet ad\u0131 verilen yerlerde bir karga\u015fal\u0131k olursa, vilayetlerin herhangi bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fgali hakk\u0131n\u0131 \u0130tilaf Devletleri haiz bulunacakt\u0131r\u201d ve Yunanl\u0131lar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla buna istinaden T\u00fcrk topraklar\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcme ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Hat\u0131rl\u0131yor musunuz?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>SEVR ANLA\u015eMASI (10 A\u011fustos 1920)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u00a0sonras\u0131nda \u0130tilaf Devletleri ile Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u00a0h\u00fck\u00fcmeti aras\u0131nda 10 A\u011fustos 1920&#8217;de Fransa&#8217;n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Paris&#8217;in\u00a03\u00a0km bat\u0131s\u0131ndaki Sevr\u00a0banliy\u00f6s\u00fcnde bulunan Seramik M\u00fczesi&#8217;nde imzalanm\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmad\u0131r. \u0130\u015fgali ve par\u00e7alanmay\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyor; bor\u00e7lar\u0131n taksimi yap\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ankara&#8217;daki B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi\u00a0antla\u015fmay\u0131 sert bir bildiri ile k\u0131nad\u0131 ve Antla\u015fmay\u0131 imzalayanlar ile Saltanat \u015euras\u0131&#8217;nda olumlu oy kullananlar\u0131 19 A\u011fustos 1920 tarihinde vatan haini ilan etti.\u00a0Antla\u015fmada imzas\u0131 bulunan Heyet \u00fcyeleri 23 Nisan 1924 tarihinde TBMM taraf\u0131ndan 150&#8217;likler\u00a0\u00a0listesine eklendi. 28 May\u0131s 1927 tarihli yasayla ise yurtta\u015fl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Antla\u015fma imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde devam eden T\u00fcrk Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n\u00a0sonucunda bu topra\u011f\u0131n insan\u0131n galibiyetiyle, bu antla\u015fma yerine 24 Temmuz 1923&#8217;te Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u00a0imzalan\u0131p, uygulamaya kondu\u011fundan Sevr Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini kaybetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Hat\u0131rl\u0131yor musunuz?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>AMASYA TAM\u0130M\u0130 (GENELGES\u0130) (22 Haziran 1919)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Amasya Genelgesi\u00a0Ulusal egemenli\u011fe dayanan, tam ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti&#8217;nin\u00a0temellerini olu\u015fturan ilk kurulu\u015f belgesidir. \u0130lk d\u00f6rt maddesi \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Vatan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc milletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehlikededir.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130stanbul h\u00fckumeti ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorumlulu\u011fun gere\u011fini yerine getirememektedir. Bu durum milletimizi yok olmu\u015f g\u00f6steriyor.<\/li>\n<li>Milletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yine milletin azim ve karar\u0131 kurtaracakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Milletin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu durum ve \u015fartlar\u0131n gere\u011fini yerine getirmek ve haklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcr sesle cihana duyurmak i\u00e7in, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bask\u0131 ve kontrolden uzak milli bir heyetin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaruridir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Amasya Genelgesi\u2019nin di\u011fer maddelerinde Sivas ve Erzurum Kongreleri\u2019nin toplanma karar\u0131 da ilan edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca bu genelgeyle Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi, amac\u0131 ve y\u00f6ntemi belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ve t\u00fcm bunlar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan gelen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in olmazsa olmaz \u015fart olan ekonomik g\u00fc\u00e7lenmeyi, e\u011fitimi, sanat\u0131, haklar\u0131, vatanda\u015f olmay\u0131 hat\u0131rl\u0131yor musunuz?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u015eayet hat\u0131rlam\u0131yorsan\u0131z hamaset yapmay\u0131n. Hat\u0131rl\u0131yorsan\u0131z ve akl\u0131n\u0131zdan \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131yorsan\u0131z 19 May\u0131s Gen\u00e7lik ve Spor Bayram\u0131\u2019n\u0131z kutlu olsun.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"mailto:cetinunsalan@yahoo.com\">cetinunsalan@yahoo.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bundan tam 97 y\u0131l \u00f6nce; bir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesinin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, neler ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ne m\u00fccadeleler verildi\u011fini hat\u0131rl\u0131yor musunuz? Sloganlar e\u015fli\u011finde de\u011fil, fiiliyatta bir \u0130stikl\u00e2l Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktay\u0131&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[904,808,801],"class_list":["post-45511","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tumyazilar","tag-cetin-unsalan-yazilari","tag-ekonomi-makaleleri","tag-ekonomi-yazarlari-listesi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45511","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45511"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45511\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45511"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45511"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45511"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}