{"id":17564,"date":"2012-07-12T16:13:53","date_gmt":"2012-07-12T14:13:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/?p=17564"},"modified":"2012-07-12T16:14:11","modified_gmt":"2012-07-12T14:14:11","slug":"istanbul-un-copuyle-tarimi-kurtarabiliriz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/i\/istanbul-un-copuyle-tarimi-kurtarabiliriz\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130stanbul&#8217; un \u00c7\u00f6p\u00fcyle Tar\u0131m\u0131 Kurtarabiliriz"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin gerek ge\u00e7inen n\u00fcfus, gerekse de stratejik \u00fcr\u00fcne konu olmas\u0131 sebebiyle en kritik sekt\u00f6rlerinin ba\u015f\u0131nda tar\u0131m gelir. Fakat son y\u0131llarda d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale gelen, \u00fcreticisini bor\u00e7 k\u0131skac\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren ve plans\u0131z y\u00f6netimi nedeniyle b\u00fcy\u00fck zararlara neden olan bu alanda esasen \u00e7ok kapsaml\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Bug\u00fcn sadece g\u00fcbre ile ilgili bir detay\u0131 sizlerle payla\u015faca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p><div class=\"bilge-yaziust\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" id=\"bilge-3371002055\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-7495567325667578\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"9580705384\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"rectangle\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin y\u0131ll\u0131k g\u00fcbre ihtiyac\u0131 5 milyon ton civar\u0131nda\u2026 Sekt\u00f6r mensuplar\u0131na g\u00f6re ise 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda temin edilen g\u00fcbre miktar\u0131 5,5 milyon ton. G\u00fcbre, tar\u0131msal maliyetler i\u00e7inde y\u00fczde 10 ile 15 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen bir paya sahip. G\u00fcbre temininin yar\u0131s\u0131 ithalatla, di\u011fer yar\u0131s\u0131 da \u00fcretimle kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131yor. T\u00dc\u0130K verilerine g\u00f6re ise bu oran y\u00fczde 72 ithal olarak ortaya g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>Biz diyelim ki yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya\u2026 Fakat \u00fcretimde kullan\u0131lan hammadde miktar\u0131 i\u00e7indeki ithalat\u0131n pay\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 90 olmas\u0131 ise ithalat\u0131n kronik bir problem oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tl\u0131yor. Ger\u00e7ek tokat vururcas\u0131na bu kadar ortadayken ne yap\u0131labilir? Sadece \u0130stanbul\u2019un \u00e7\u00f6p\u00fcyle tar\u0131m\u0131 kurtarabiliriz. Bak\u0131n yetkililerin g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7ine sokuldu\u011fu halde yok say\u0131lan ger\u00e7ekler neler?<\/p>\n<p>Bug\u00fcn Kusursuz Enerji (!) Plan\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131n yazar\u0131 olarak tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z M\u00fchendis Naci \u00d6zen, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi\u2019nde Proje De\u011ferlendirme ve Kontrol Kurulu\u2019nda g\u00f6rev yaparken 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ba\u015flayan ve 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ba\u015fkan Kadir Topba\u015f\u2019a rapor olarak sunulan tespitlerini benimle payla\u015ft\u0131. \u0130\u015fte o s\u00fcre\u00e7te ortaya konulan tespitler:<\/p>\n<p>\u0130stanbul\u2019un at\u0131klar\u0131ndan y\u0131ll\u0131k 1 milyon ton organik g\u00fcbre elde etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu \u015fehirde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan at\u0131klar\u0131n y\u00fczde 65\u2019i organik \u00f6zellik ta\u015f\u0131yor. Oysa bu at\u0131klar\u0131n g\u00f6m\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in her y\u0131l \u0130stanbul\u2019dan 30 d\u00f6n\u00fcm arazi harcan\u0131yor. \u015eu an \u00e7\u00f6p\u00fcn ilde i\u015fgal etti\u011fi \u00e7\u00f6p alan\u0131n\u0131n 5 ile 7 kilometrekare aras\u0131nda oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor. Sadece Halkal\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 1,1 kilometrekare oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek san\u0131r\u0131m yeterli olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Yap\u0131lacak toplama istasyonlar\u0131yla, organik at\u0131klardan g\u00fcbre \u00fcretilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. Ayr\u0131ca \u0130stanbul\u2019un \u00e7\u00f6p\u00fcn\u00fcn bu yolla harcatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fgal alan\u0131 ve kirletme maliyeti de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Yer alt\u0131 sular\u0131n\u0131 da kirletenin bu \u00e7\u00f6plerden \u00e7\u0131kan su oldu\u011funu belirtmekte fayda var.<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fer membran d\u00f6\u015fenirse oksijenle temizli\u011fi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. \u00c7\u00fcr\u00fctmeyi \u00e7e\u015fitli bakterilerle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda fermantasyon tesislerinden suyun buharla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 temin etmek olas\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. Yeni tekniklere g\u00f6re daha \u00f6nce 20 g\u00fcnde olu\u015fan g\u00fcbrenin 2-3 g\u00fcnde elde edilebilece\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekiliyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bunlar\u0131 trene at\u0131p sadece Anadolu\u2019ya yaysak 1 milyon ton g\u00fcbre ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layabiliriz. Ayn\u0131 uygulamay\u0131 t\u00fcm T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yapmam\u0131z halinde ise minimum 3 milyon ton g\u00fcbre \u00fcretilebilece\u011fi vurgulan\u0131yor. Ayn\u0131 zamanda at\u0131k sorununun da y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131n\u0131 bu yolla ortadan kald\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn hale geliyor.<\/p><div class=\"bilge-content-1\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" id=\"bilge-3320534021\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-7495567325667578\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3167340272\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"rectangle\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div>\n<p>\u00d6zen, inceleme yapmak \u00fczere gitti\u011fi Hollanda\u2019da organik madde miktar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 4,5 oldu\u011funu vurguluyor. Avrupal\u0131 bunun \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131km\u0131yor. Ziraat\u00e7\u0131lar bu oran\u0131n \u00fczerinin riskli oldu\u011funu vurguluyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc topra\u011f\u0131n karakteri de\u011fi\u015fiyor.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ise tar\u0131m topraklar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde organik madde miktar\u0131 sadece y\u00fczde 1,5\u2026 Ziraat\u00e7\u0131lar yine bu\u011fday veriminin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kalmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenleri i\u00e7inde organik madde miktar\u0131 eksikli\u011finin \u00e7ok etkisi oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekiyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dclke olarak bizim de mutlaka y\u00fczde 3,5-4,5 dilimini yakalamam\u0131z gerekiyor. T\u00fcrkiye bug\u00fcn topraklar\u0131ndaki organik maddeleri yok edildi\u011fi, yani \u00e7\u0131plakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ciddi sorunlar ya\u015f\u0131yor. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc topra\u011f\u0131n organik fakiri olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmek gerekiyor. \u00dczerinde bitki olmas\u0131 yeterli\u2026 Bu bitki kaynana dili ya da osuruk a\u011fac\u0131 bile olsa erozyonu \u00f6nl\u00fcyor, verimlili\u011fi y\u00fckseltiyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca organik madde miktar\u0131 topra\u011f\u0131n su tutma kabiliyetini de art\u0131r\u0131yor. Humusun topra\u011f\u0131n g\u0131das\u0131 olarak nitelendirildi\u011fini hat\u0131rlatmak san\u0131r\u0131m do\u011fru olacak. Yani ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak sulama ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z da d\u00fc\u015ferken, s\u00f6zde sulama ama\u00e7l\u0131 baraj ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z da ortadan kalk\u0131yor.<\/p><div class=\"bilge-content-2\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" id=\"bilge-4106973438\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-7495567325667578\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"1818807385\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"rectangle\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div>\n<p>\u00d6zetle ithalata ba\u011fl\u0131 g\u00fcbre politikas\u0131n\u0131 terk edip, topra\u011f\u0131 zenginle\u015ftirirken, yerli ve do\u011fal g\u00fcbre kullanmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Hepsinin s\u0131rr\u0131 da att\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7\u00f6pe modern tekniklerin uygulanmas\u0131nda sakl\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Peki bu tespit ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortaya konulduysa, son bir soru daha sormak gerekmiyor mu? Neden harekete ge\u00e7mediniz? Bu \u00fclkenin kasas\u0131n\u0131n, tar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7ift\u00e7isinin ve topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6p kadar da de\u011feri yok mu?<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"mailto:cetinunsalan@yahoo.com\">cetinunsalan@yahoo.com<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin gerek ge\u00e7inen n\u00fcfus, gerekse de stratejik \u00fcr\u00fcne konu olmas\u0131 sebebiyle en kritik sekt\u00f6rlerinin ba\u015f\u0131nda tar\u0131m gelir. Fakat son y\u0131llarda d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale gelen, \u00fcreticisini&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":14653,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tumyazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17564","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17564"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17564\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14653"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17564"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17564"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17564"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}