Yaz\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki “austerity” kelimesini bilerek kullan\u0131yorum. Bu bi\u00e7imiyle kula\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda yer etmesinin yarar\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.\u00a0 \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00fcnlerde bu kelimeyi daha \u00e7ok duyaca\u011f\u0131z.\u00a0 Hem teorik tart\u0131\u015fmalarda hem de g\u00fcncel iktisadi sorunlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde\u00a0 bu kelime artan yo\u011funlukta kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Austerity\u00a0 ba\u011flam\u0131nda k\u0131z\u0131\u015fan bir tart\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcr\u00fcyor.
\nKelimenin birden fazla T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 var.\u00a0 “Austerity” sertlik, ha\u015finlik, sadelik, masraftan k\u0131sma, tasarruf gibi anlamlar ta\u015f\u0131yor. S\u00f6zl\u00fck kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6yle.
\nBizim ilgimiz\u00a0 kelimenin s\u00f6zl\u00fck anlam\u0131ndan \u00e7ok ekonomi alan\u0131ndaki kullan\u0131m\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131. G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc pat\u0131rt\u0131 da bu alanda kopuyor zaten. Ekonomi ba\u011flam\u0131nda austerity kelimesi T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye “kemer s\u0131kma” olarak \u00e7evriliyor. Austerity ya da kemer s\u0131kma s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri esas olarak maliye politikas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlamak amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu anlamda kemer s\u0131kma deyince genellikle b\u00fct\u00e7e\u00a0 a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fclmesi, bu ama\u00e7la kamu harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131lmas\u0131, gerekirse sosyal nitelikli kamu harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n bile daralt\u0131lmas\u0131 vb gibi iktisat politikas\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.
\nEkonomide ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131n i\u00e7inde austerity kelimesinin s\u00f6zl\u00fck anlamlar\u0131ndan \u00e7o\u011fun bulmak\u00a0 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Maliye politikas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ola\u011fand\u0131\u015f\u0131 durumlarda ba\u015fvurulan bir uygulama. Mutlaka sonu\u00e7 vermesi istenir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla,\u00a0 politika s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu kez sert ve ha\u015fin bi\u00e7imler al\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan, yap\u0131lan i\u015fin bir masraftan k\u0131sma, bu anlamda bir tasarruf boyutu oldu\u011fu da s\u00f6ylenebilir.
\n*\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 .
\nTan\u0131m\u0131 nas\u0131l yaparsan\u0131z yap\u0131n i\u015fin i\u00e7inde bir kemer s\u0131kma hali ve bunun getirdi\u011fi bir sertlik durumu var.\u00a0 G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu durumun s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zleniyor. \u00d6zellikle de Avrupa’da kamu maliyesinin geldi\u011fi peri\u015fan durum ve ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bor\u00e7 sorunu maliye politikas\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getirdi. Bu noktada\u00a0\u00a0 kemer s\u0131kman\u0131n hikmeti hakk\u0131nda ciddi teredd\u00fctler, itirazlar ve tart\u0131\u015fmalar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ortaya.
\nTeredd\u00fct\u00a0 mevcut depresif\u00a0 ko\u015fullarda b\u00f6yle bir s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 meselesinden kaynaklan\u0131yor. \u00d6te yandan, \u00f6zellikle Avrupa’n\u0131n sorunlu ekonomilerinde, kemer s\u0131kma politikalar\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 sertlik boyutuna itirazlar var. \u0130tirazlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ola\u011fan siyaset kanallar\u0131ndan g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131rken bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da sokak \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 halinde geli\u015fiyor.<\/p>