{"id":11574,"date":"2012-02-14T09:37:38","date_gmt":"2012-02-14T07:37:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/?p=11574"},"modified":"2012-02-14T09:37:47","modified_gmt":"2012-02-14T07:37:47","slug":"cari-acigi-nasil-finanse-ettik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/i\/cari-acigi-nasil-finanse-ettik\/","title":{"rendered":"Cari A\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 Nas\u0131l Finanse Ettik?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>Bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 okumadan \u00f6nce cari a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n nas\u0131l do\u011fdu\u011funu anlatan Cari A\u00e7\u0131k Dersi ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131m\u0131 okuman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririm.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\u00d6nce cari a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n nas\u0131l do\u011fdu\u011funu k\u0131saca hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m:<\/div>\n<div><strong>Cari denge =\u00a0<\/strong>(Mal ihracat\u0131 gelirleri + sat\u0131lan hizmetlerden sa\u011flanan gelirler + di\u011fer gelirler) \u2013 (mal ithalat\u0131 giderleri + sat\u0131n al\u0131nan hizmetlere \u00f6denen giderleri + di\u011fer giderler) +\/- cari transferler<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Bu denklem \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde hesaplanan 2011 y\u0131l\u0131 cari a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 77,1 milyar dolar olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu 77,1 milyar dolarl\u0131k cari a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l finanse ettik?<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><strong>Bir \u00fclkeye finansman olarak giren yabanc\u0131 kaynaklar ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u015fu \u015fekillerde girer:<\/strong>\u00a0(1) Do\u011frudan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar (yabanc\u0131 bir \u015firketin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de fabrika, \u015firket, banka, al\u0131\u015f veri\u015f merkezi vb kurmak \u00fczere ya da yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de gayrimenkul almak \u00fczere getirdi\u011fi d\u00f6vizler.) (2) Portf\u00f6y yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 (yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n tahvil, bono, hisse senedi veya bor\u00e7 senedi almak \u00fczere getirdi\u011fi d\u00f6vizler.) (3) Di\u011fer yat\u0131r\u0131mlar (\u015firketlerin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ticari krediler, \u00a0bankalar\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sendikasyon kredileri, IMF kredileri ve yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n bankalara yat\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mevduat gibi nedenlerle gelen d\u00f6vizler.) (4) Rezerv varl\u0131klar (Merkez Bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n d\u00f6viz rezervlerindeki de\u011fi\u015fimi g\u00f6sterir.) (5) Net hata ve noksan (nedeni bilinmeyen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm ya da kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 giren ya da \u00e7\u0131kan d\u00f6vizler.)<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><strong>2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu kalemlerin durumu \u015f\u00f6yledir<\/strong>\u00a0(say\u0131lar milyar dolar olarak okunmal\u0131d\u0131r.)<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Do\u011frudan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar (net): \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 13,4<\/div>\n<div>Portf\u00f6y yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131:\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 22,1<\/div>\n<div>Di\u011fer yat\u0131r\u0131mlar:\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 27,3<\/div>\n<div>Rezerv varl\u0131klar:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01,8<\/div>\n<div>Net hata ve noksan:\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a012,5<\/div>\n<div>Toplam:\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a077,1<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><strong>Rezerv varl\u0131klar\u00a0<\/strong>olarak g\u00f6sterilen 1,8 milyar dolar, 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda, cari a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 finanse edebilmek i\u00e7in Merkez Bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n d\u00f6viz rezervlerinden kullan\u0131lan miktar\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde \u00fclkeye giren d\u00f6viz tutarlar\u0131 genellikle denk de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc turizm gelirleri gibi kalemler anketle saptan\u0131r. Buralardan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm hatalar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar. Bazen de d\u00f6viz giri\u015f ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kal\u0131r. Oradan da art\u0131 ya da eksi bir fark olu\u015fabilir. \u00d6demeler dengesi sistemi bu t\u00fcr saptanamayan d\u00f6vizleri\u00a0<strong>net hata ve noksan<\/strong>\u00a0kaleminde toplar. Bu kalem d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir miktarsa \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm hatalar\u0131ndan kaynaklanm\u0131\u015f kabul edilir, y\u00fcksek miktarlar s\u00f6z konusuysa o zaman kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 giri\u015f \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar oldu\u011fu kabul edilir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin net hata ve noksan kalemi 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda 12,5 milyar dolar gibi y\u00fcksek bir miktarda oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 giri\u015fler oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmekte ve bunlar\u0131n daha \u00e7ok Ortado\u011fu kaynakl\u0131 oldu\u011fu tahmin edilmektedir.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Kredi, mevduat, tahvil, bono, hisse senedi almak \u00fczere getirilen d\u00f6vizler, \u00f6rne\u011fin \u00fclke riskinde art\u0131\u015f ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kolayca ve h\u0131zla d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labildi\u011fi i\u00e7in\u00a0<strong>s\u0131cak para<\/strong>\u00a0olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 okumadan \u00f6nce cari a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n nas\u0131l do\u011fdu\u011funu anlatan Cari A\u00e7\u0131k Dersi ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131m\u0131 okuman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririm. \u00d6nce cari a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n nas\u0131l do\u011fdu\u011funu k\u0131saca hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m: Cari denge&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":896,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11574","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tumyazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11574","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11574"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11574\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/896"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11574"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11574"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilgeyatirimci.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11574"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}